Analogue-specific action in vitro of atrial natriuretic factor on human red blood cell Ca2+-ATPase activity.

Specific atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) analogues have been found to have inhibitory activity in vitro in a calmodulin-dependent, human red blood cell membrane Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) model. Studied at 10(-8) to 10(-6) M concentrations, atriopeptin I (residues 127-147 of rat prepro-ANF sequence) and atriopeptin III (residues 127-150) progressively inhibited Ca2+-ATPase activity by up to 20% (p less than 0.001). This degree of inhibition was consistent with activities of other (calmodulin-independent) enzyme inhibitors in this model. Therefore, the C-terminal Phe-Arg-Tyr sequence (residues 148-150) is unnecessary for atriopeptin action on Ca2+-ATPase. Human and rat atrial peptides with amino acids 123-150 were inactive, indicating that the 123-126 sequence (Ser-Leu-Arg-Arg) must be cleaved to activate atriopeptins in this system. Human ANF fragment 129-150 also had no effect on Ca2+-ATPase, defining the importance of residues 127-128 (Ser-Ser) proximal to the disulfide bridge (joining 129 to 145). The addition of purified calmodulin to red blood cell membranes in the presence of inhibitory ANF did not restore Ca2+-ATPase activity to normal levels, indicating that the ANF effect on this enzyme is calmodulin-independent. Atriopeptin I and atriopeptin III had no effect on red blood cell Na+, K+-ATPase activity in vitro. Thus, the structure-activity relationships of ANF analogues in this novel human cell membrane model are highly specific. Although the inhibitory action of ANF analogues on Ca2+-ATPase, a calcium pump-associated enzyme, may be unique to the red blood cell, the calcium dependence of the gluconeogenic effects of ANF in the kidney would be supported by inhibition of this ATPase.